ESOL Vocabulary Guide | Guia de Vocabulario ESOL

Grade 3 ELA Vocabulary Vocabulario de Lectura de 3er Grado

Bilingual vocabulary guide with English and Spanish definitions and example sentences for Spanish-speaking students.

Guia bilingue de vocabulario con definiciones en ingles y espanol y oraciones de ejemplo.

Literary Elements

Elementos Literarios

character / personaje

English Definition:

A person, animal, or creature in a story.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una persona, animal o criatura en una historia.

Example / Ejemplo:

The main character in the story is a brave girl named Rosa.

setting / escenario, ambiente

English Definition:

Where and when a story takes place.

Definicion en Espanol:

Donde y cuando ocurre una historia.

Example / Ejemplo:

The setting of the story is a small village in Mexico during summer.

plot / trama

English Definition:

The main events that happen in a story from beginning to end.

Definicion en Espanol:

Los eventos principales que ocurren en una historia de principio a fin.

Example / Ejemplo:

The plot includes a problem that the character must solve.

theme / tema

English Definition:

The main message or lesson the author wants you to learn from the story.

Definicion en Espanol:

El mensaje principal o leccion que el autor quiere que aprendas de la historia.

Example / Ejemplo:

The theme of the story is that hard work leads to success.

conflict / conflicto

English Definition:

The problem or challenge that the character faces in the story.

Definicion en Espanol:

El problema o desafio que enfrenta el personaje en la historia.

Example / Ejemplo:

The conflict in the story is that the dog is lost and needs to find its way home.

resolution / resolucion

English Definition:

How the problem is solved at the end of the story.

Definicion en Espanol:

Como se resuelve el problema al final de la historia.

Example / Ejemplo:

The resolution is when the dog finally finds its family.

narrator / narrador

English Definition:

The person or voice telling the story.

Definicion en Espanol:

La persona o voz que cuenta la historia.

Example / Ejemplo:

The narrator tells us what the character is thinking and feeling.

dialogue / dialogo

English Definition:

The words that characters say to each other in a story, shown with quotation marks.

Definicion en Espanol:

Las palabras que los personajes se dicen entre si en una historia, mostradas con comillas.

Example / Ejemplo:

"Let's go to the park!" said Maria. This is dialogue.

Reading Comprehension

Comprension Lectora

main idea / idea principal

English Definition:

The most important point the author wants you to understand about the topic.

Definicion en Espanol:

El punto mas importante que el autor quiere que entiendas sobre el tema.

Example / Ejemplo:

The main idea of this article is that recycling helps protect the Earth.

central idea / idea central

English Definition:

The key message that connects all parts of the text together.

Definicion en Espanol:

El mensaje clave que conecta todas las partes del texto.

Example / Ejemplo:

The central idea of the book is that friendship can overcome any challenge.

supporting details / detalles de apoyo

English Definition:

Facts, examples, or information that help explain the main idea.

Definicion en Espanol:

Hechos, ejemplos o informacion que ayudan a explicar la idea principal.

Example / Ejemplo:

The supporting details tell us that butterflies have four wings and six legs.

summary / resumen

English Definition:

A short retelling of the most important parts of a text in your own words.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una narracion corta de las partes mas importantes de un texto en tus propias palabras.

Example / Ejemplo:

In my summary, I wrote about the problem and how it was solved.

inference / inferencia

English Definition:

A smart guess you make using clues from the text and what you already know.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una suposicion inteligente que haces usando pistas del texto y lo que ya sabes.

Example / Ejemplo:

I can make an inference that the character is sad because she is crying.

evidence / evidencia

English Definition:

Information from the text that proves or supports your answer.

Definicion en Espanol:

Informacion del texto que prueba o apoya tu respuesta.

Example / Ejemplo:

The evidence from paragraph 2 shows that the weather was very cold.

conclusion / conclusion

English Definition:

A decision or understanding you reach after reading and thinking about the text.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una decision o entendimiento al que llegas despues de leer y pensar sobre el texto.

Example / Ejemplo:

My conclusion is that the author wants us to take care of animals.

Author's Craft

Tecnicas del Autor

author's purpose / proposito del autor

English Definition:

The reason why an author writes a text: to inform, persuade, entertain, or explain.

Definicion en Espanol:

La razon por la que un autor escribe un texto: para informar, persuadir, entretener o explicar.

Example / Ejemplo:

The author's purpose is to inform readers about how bees make honey.

point of view / punto de vista

English Definition:

The position from which the story is told - who is telling the story.

Definicion en Espanol:

La posicion desde la cual se cuenta la historia - quien esta contando la historia.

Example / Ejemplo:

The story is told from the point of view of the youngest sister.

first person / primera persona

English Definition:

When the narrator is a character in the story and uses words like "I," "me," and "my."

Definicion en Espanol:

Cuando el narrador es un personaje en la historia y usa palabras como "yo," "mi," y "me."

Example / Ejemplo:

"I walked to school with my best friend." This is first person.

third person / tercera persona

English Definition:

When the narrator is not in the story and uses words like "he," "she," "they," and character names.

Definicion en Espanol:

Cuando el narrador no esta en la historia y usa palabras como "el," "ella," "ellos," y nombres de personajes.

Example / Ejemplo:

"Maria walked to school with her best friend." This is third person.

perspective / perspectiva

English Definition:

How a character thinks and feels about something based on their experiences.

Definicion en Espanol:

Como un personaje piensa y siente sobre algo basado en sus experiencias.

Example / Ejemplo:

From the wolf's perspective, he was just hungry, not mean.

Text Features

Caracteristicas del Texto

heading / encabezado

English Definition:

A title at the top of a section that tells what that part is about.

Definicion en Espanol:

Un titulo en la parte superior de una seccion que dice de que trata esa parte.

Example / Ejemplo:

The heading "What Dolphins Eat" tells me this section is about dolphin food.

caption / pie de foto

English Definition:

Words under a picture that explain what the picture shows.

Definicion en Espanol:

Palabras debajo de una imagen que explican lo que muestra la imagen.

Example / Ejemplo:

The caption under the photo says, "A baby sea turtle heading to the ocean."

diagram / diagrama

English Definition:

A drawing with labels that shows how something works or its parts.

Definicion en Espanol:

Un dibujo con etiquetas que muestra como funciona algo o sus partes.

Example / Ejemplo:

The diagram shows all the parts of a flower, like the stem and petals.

illustration / ilustracion

English Definition:

A picture or drawing in a book that helps you understand the story or information.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una imagen o dibujo en un libro que te ayuda a entender la historia o informacion.

Example / Ejemplo:

The illustration shows that the character lives in a small house near the forest.

bold text / texto en negritas

English Definition:

Words printed in thick, dark letters to show they are important.

Definicion en Espanol:

Palabras impresas en letras gruesas y oscuras para mostrar que son importantes.

Example / Ejemplo:

The word habitat is in bold because it is an important vocabulary word.

glossary / glosario

English Definition:

A list at the back of a book that gives definitions of important words.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una lista al final de un libro que da definiciones de palabras importantes.

Example / Ejemplo:

I looked up the word "ecosystem" in the glossary to find its meaning.

index / indice

English Definition:

An alphabetical list at the back of a book showing where to find topics.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una lista alfabetica al final de un libro que muestra donde encontrar temas.

Example / Ejemplo:

The index says information about tigers is on pages 24-28.

table of contents / tabla de contenido

English Definition:

A list at the front of a book showing chapter titles and page numbers.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una lista al principio de un libro que muestra los titulos de capitulos y numeros de pagina.

Example / Ejemplo:

The table of contents shows that Chapter 3, "Ocean Animals," starts on page 15.

Figurative Language

Lenguaje Figurado

simile / simil

English Definition:

A comparison between two things using the words "like" or "as."

Definicion en Espanol:

Una comparacion entre dos cosas usando las palabras "como."

Example / Ejemplo:

"Her smile was as bright as the sun" is a simile.

metaphor / metafora

English Definition:

A comparison that says one thing IS another thing, without using "like" or "as."

Definicion en Espanol:

Una comparacion que dice que una cosa ES otra cosa, sin usar "como."

Example / Ejemplo:

"You are a shining star" is a metaphor comparing a person to a star.

personification / personificacion

English Definition:

Giving human actions or feelings to animals, objects, or ideas.

Definicion en Espanol:

Dar acciones o sentimientos humanos a animales, objetos o ideas.

Example / Ejemplo:

"The wind whispered through the trees" gives the wind a human action.

hyperbole / hiperbole

English Definition:

A big exaggeration that is not meant to be taken seriously.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una gran exageracion que no debe tomarse en serio.

Example / Ejemplo:

"I'm so hungry I could eat a horse" is a hyperbole.

alliteration / aliteracion

English Definition:

When words close together start with the same sound.

Definicion en Espanol:

Cuando palabras cercanas comienzan con el mismo sonido.

Example / Ejemplo:

"Silly snakes slither slowly" is an example of alliteration with the "s" sound.

onomatopoeia / onomatopeya

English Definition:

A word that sounds like what it means.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una palabra que suena como lo que significa.

Example / Ejemplo:

"Buzz," "crash," "splash," and "meow" are examples of onomatopoeia.

Vocabulary Skills

Habilidades de Vocabulario

context clues / claves de contexto

English Definition:

Words or sentences around an unknown word that help you figure out its meaning.

Definicion en Espanol:

Palabras u oraciones alrededor de una palabra desconocida que te ayudan a descubrir su significado.

Example / Ejemplo:

I used context clues to figure out that "enormous" means very big.

synonym / sinonimo

English Definition:

A word that has the same or almost the same meaning as another word.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una palabra que tiene el mismo o casi el mismo significado que otra palabra.

Example / Ejemplo:

"Happy" and "joyful" are synonyms because they mean almost the same thing.

antonym / antonimo

English Definition:

A word that has the opposite meaning of another word.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una palabra que tiene el significado opuesto de otra palabra.

Example / Ejemplo:

"Hot" and "cold" are antonyms because they are opposites.

prefix / prefijo

English Definition:

A word part added to the beginning of a word that changes its meaning.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una parte de palabra anadida al principio de una palabra que cambia su significado.

Example / Ejemplo:

Adding the prefix "un-" to "happy" makes "unhappy," which means not happy.

suffix / sufijo

English Definition:

A word part added to the end of a word that changes its meaning.

Definicion en Espanol:

Una parte de palabra anadida al final de una palabra que cambia su significado.

Example / Ejemplo:

Adding the suffix "-ful" to "help" makes "helpful," meaning full of help.

root word / palabra raiz

English Definition:

The basic word without any prefixes or suffixes added to it.

Definicion en Espanol:

La palabra basica sin ningun prefijo o sufijo anadido.

Example / Ejemplo:

In the word "unhappiness," the root word is "happy."

Quick Reference / Referencia Rapida

characterpersonaje
settingescenario
plottrama
themetema
conflictconflicto
resolutionresolucion
narratornarrador
dialoguedialogo
main ideaidea principal
summaryresumen
inferenceinferencia
evidenceevidencia
conclusionconclusion
author's purposeproposito del autor
point of viewpunto de vista
perspectiveperspectiva
headingencabezado
captionpie de foto
diagramdiagrama
glossaryglosario
indexindice
similesimil
metaphormetafora
personificationpersonificacion
hyperbolehiperbole
synonymsinonimo
antonymantonimo
prefixprefijo
suffixsufijo
root wordpalabra raiz

Study Tip / Consejo de Estudio

Use Cognates! Many of these ELA terms are cognates - words that look and sound similar in English and Spanish. Words like "character/personaje," "theme/tema," "conflict/conflicto," and "conclusion/conclusion" share Latin roots. When you see a new English word, think about whether it sounds like a Spanish word you already know!

Usa los Cognados! Muchos de estos terminos de lectura son cognados - palabras que se ven y suenan similares en ingles y espanol. Cuando veas una palabra nueva en ingles, piensa si suena como una palabra en espanol que ya conoces!