English-Spanish Cognates Reference Sheet

100+ Cognates for Grade 6

Math, ELA, and Academic vocabulary words that look similar in English and Spanish!

What Are Cognates? / Que son los cognados?

Cognates are words that look and sound similar in both English and Spanish because they share a common origin. As a Spanish speaker, you already know many English words! In Grade 6, cognates are especially helpful for understanding academic vocabulary in math, reading, and science.

Los cognados son palabras que se parecen y suenan similar en ingles y espanol porque tienen un origen comun. Como hablante de espanol, ya conoces muchas palabras en ingles! En 6to grado, los cognados son especialmente utiles para entender el vocabulario academico en matematicas, lectura y ciencias.

How to Use This Resource / Como usar este recurso:

1. Look at the English word on the left
2. Compare it to the Spanish word on the right
3. Notice how similar they look and sound
4. Use your Spanish knowledge to understand the English meaning!
5. Pay attention to false cognates at the end - these can trick you!

Cognate Patterns to Remember / Patrones de cognados

-tion → -cion

proportion → proporcion

-ty → -dad

probability → probabilidad

-ly → -mente

statistically → estadisticamente

-al → -al

rational → racional

-ble → -ble

variable → variable

-ent/-ant → -ente/-ante

coefficient → coeficiente

🔢

Math Cognates / Cognados de matematicas

Grade 6 math vocabulary - 50+ words

ratio ↔ razon

proportion ↔ proporcion

rate ↔ tasa

equivalent ↔ equivalente

percent ↔ por ciento

unit ↔ unidad

fraction ↔ fraccion

reciprocal ↔ reciproco

numerator ↔ numerador

denominator ↔ denominador

division ↔ division

multiplication ↔ multiplicacion

integer ↔ entero

rational ↔ racional

negative ↔ negativo

positive ↔ positivo

absolute ↔ absoluto

opposite ↔ opuesto

variable ↔ variable

expression ↔ expresion

equation ↔ ecuacion

coefficient ↔ coeficiente

constant ↔ constante

term ↔ termino

exponent ↔ exponente

area ↔ area

volume ↔ volumen

surface ↔ superficie

prism ↔ prisma

rectangular ↔ rectangular

triangle ↔ triangulo

polygon ↔ poligono

vertex ↔ vertice

coordinate ↔ coordenada

quadrant ↔ cuadrante

origin ↔ origen

horizontal ↔ horizontal

vertical ↔ vertical

axis ↔ eje

statistics ↔ estadistica

distribution ↔ distribucion

median ↔ mediana

frequency ↔ frecuencia

histogram ↔ histograma

data ↔ datos

total ↔ total

formula ↔ formula

calculate ↔ calcular

decimal ↔ decimal

📖

ELA/Reading Cognates / Cognados de lectura

Grade 6 Language Arts vocabulary - 40+ words

theme ↔ tema

central ↔ central

implicit ↔ implicito

protagonist ↔ protagonista

antagonist ↔ antagonista

motivation ↔ motivacion

dynamic ↔ dinamico

perspective ↔ perspectiva

narrator ↔ narrador

omniscient ↔ omnisciente

argument ↔ argumento

persuade ↔ persuadir

inform ↔ informar

structure ↔ estructura

chronological ↔ cronologico

cause ↔ causa

effect ↔ efecto

description ↔ descripcion

evidence ↔ evidencia

credible ↔ creible

relevant ↔ relevante

metaphor ↔ metafora

simile ↔ simil

personification ↔ personificacion

hyperbole ↔ hiperbole

symbolism ↔ simbolismo

connotation ↔ connotacion

denotation ↔ denotacion

context ↔ contexto

tone ↔ tono

genre ↔ genero

fiction ↔ ficcion

narrative ↔ narrativa

drama ↔ drama

biography ↔ biografia

dialogue ↔ dialogo

conflict ↔ conflicto

resolution ↔ resolucion

conclusion ↔ conclusion

introduction ↔ introduccion

✍

Academic Cognates / Cognados academicos

Words used in test directions and instructions - 25+ words

analyze ↔ analizar

compare ↔ comparar

contrast ↔ contrastar

describe ↔ describir

explain ↔ explicar

identify ↔ identificar

evaluate ↔ evaluar

determine ↔ determinar

organize ↔ organizar

complete ↔ completar

select ↔ seleccionar

indicate ↔ indicar

interpret ↔ interpretar

justify ↔ justificar

classify ↔ clasificar

demonstrate ↔ demostrar

summarize ↔ resumir

represent ↔ representar

apply ↔ aplicar

support ↔ apoyar

verify ↔ verificar

respond ↔ responder

revise ↔ revisar

correct ↔ correcto

incorrect ↔ incorrecto

⚠

False Cognates / Cognados falsos

Be careful! These words look similar but have different meanings

Cuidado!

actual ≠ actual

English "actual" means:

real, true (verdadero)

Spanish "actual" means:

current, present (corriente)

realize ≠ realizar

English "realize" means:

to understand, become aware (darse cuenta)

Spanish "realizar" means:

to do, accomplish, carry out (hacer)

sensible ≠ sensible

English "sensible" means:

practical, reasonable (razonable)

Spanish "sensible" means:

sensitive (sensitivo)

embarrassed ≠ embarazada

English "embarrassed" means:

avergonzado (feeling shy or ashamed)

Spanish "embarazada" means:

pregnant (having a baby)

library ≠ libreria

English "library" means:

biblioteca (place with books to borrow)

Spanish "libreria" means:

bookstore (place to buy books)

exit ≠ exito

English "exit" means:

salida (way out, to leave)

Spanish "exito" means:

success (good result)

Tips for Using Cognates / Consejos para usar cognados

1 When you see a new English word, ask yourself: "Does this look like a Spanish word I know?"
2 Look for familiar endings: -tion, -sion, -al, -ble, -ent often have Spanish cognates
3 Be careful with false cognates - always check context to make sure the meaning fits
4 Keep a personal cognate list as you discover new word pairs in your reading
5 Practice saying cognates out loud - the sounds are often similar too!
6 Use cognates as "anchor words" to help you understand difficult passages