Making Inferences - Practice

Grade 5 Reading | FL B.E.S.T. Standard: ELA.5.R.1.1
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Directions: Read each passage carefully. Then answer the questions by making inferences based on text evidence. Remember: Inference = Text Evidence + Background Knowledge!
Passage 1: The Audition

Lily clutched her sheet music so tightly that the pages crinkled. Twenty other students sat in the auditorium, all waiting for their turn to sing for the spring musical. Mrs. Chen, the drama teacher, called each name from her clipboard.

"Lily Martinez."

Lily's legs felt like jelly as she walked to the stage. The bright lights made it impossible to see the faces in the audience, which was somehow both better and worse. She opened her mouth to sing, but no sound came out. She tried again. This time, a thin, wavering note emerged.

Suddenly, she heard a familiar voice from the seats: "You've got this, Lily! Just like at home!" It was her older brother, Carlos. Lily hadn't known he'd come.

Something shifted inside her. She closed her eyes, pretended she was in her bedroom, and began again. This time, her voice soared clear and strong, filling every corner of the auditorium. When she finished, there was a moment of silence - then applause erupted from the other students.

Mrs. Chen smiled and made a note on her clipboard.

Questions About Passage 1

1. What can you INFER about how Lily feels at the beginning of the audition?
2. What TEXT EVIDENCE supports the inference that Lily was nervous? (List at least TWO pieces of evidence.)
3. Why did Lily sing better after hearing her brother's voice? Make an inference and support it with evidence.
4. Based on Mrs. Chen's smile and the applause, what can you INFER about Lily's final performance?
5. The text says the applause "erupted." What can you infer about the audience's reaction based on this word choice?
Passage 2: The Letter

Grandma Rosa sat at the kitchen table, her reading glasses perched on her nose. In her weathered hands, she held an envelope with a foreign stamp. She turned it over several times before finally sliding her finger under the seal.

As she read, her eyes grew wider. Then they filled with tears. She pressed one hand to her heart and whispered something in Spanish that Miguel couldn't understand.

"Grandma? What's wrong?" Miguel asked, worried.

But Grandma Rosa wasn't sad. She was laughing now, even as tears streamed down her cheeks. "My sister," she said, her voice cracking. "My sister in Cuba. After forty years... she's coming to visit. I'll see Maria again."

Miguel had never seen his grandmother cry like this - happy tears mixed with years of missing someone. She stood up, walked to the old photograph on the wall showing two young girls with identical smiles, and touched the glass gently.

"Forty years," she repeated. "But some bonds can never be broken."

Questions About Passage 2

6. At first, when Grandma Rosa's eyes filled with tears, what might readers INCORRECTLY infer? Why might they think this?
7. What can you INFER about why Grandma Rosa hasn't seen her sister in forty years?
8. What does the phrase "happy tears mixed with years of missing someone" help you infer about Grandma Rosa's emotions?
9. The photograph shows "two young girls with identical smiles." What can you infer about the relationship between Rosa and Maria based on this detail?
Passage 3: The Garden

Mr. Thompson's garden was the pride of Maple Street. Every spring, neighbors would slow down as they passed, admiring the riot of colors - tulips, daffodils, roses that climbed the white fence. Children knew better than to chase their balls into his yard; he protected those flowers like treasure.

But this year was different. The fence had a broken board. Weeds poked through where marigolds should have been. The rosebushes, usually trimmed with mathematical precision, had grown wild and tangled.

Mrs. Chen, the neighbor, knocked on his door with a casserole dish. No answer. She left it on the porch and noticed the newspapers piling up.

A week later, young Marcus from next door appeared at Mr. Thompson's door with gardening gloves. "I thought maybe you could use some help," he said. "My mom said you've been... you know... having a hard time."

Mr. Thompson stood in the doorway, looking older than Marcus had ever seen him. He was quiet for a long moment. Then, slowly, he nodded and stepped aside to let Marcus in.

Questions About Passage 3

10. What can you INFER happened to Mr. Thompson based on the changes in his garden and behavior?
11. List THREE pieces of text evidence that support the inference that something is wrong with Mr. Thompson.
12. What can you infer about the Maple Street community based on Mrs. Chen's and Marcus's actions?
13. At the end, Mr. Thompson "was quiet for a long moment" before nodding. What can you infer he was thinking or feeling during that pause?
14. Compare the inferences you made in Passage 1 (about Lily) and Passage 3 (about Mr. Thompson). How did you use character actions differently to understand what each character was experiencing?