Multiplying Decimals

Grade 5 Mathematics

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Date:

The Big Idea

When multiplying decimals, multiply like whole numbers first, then count decimal places to place the decimal in your answer!

Unlike addition/subtraction, you do NOT line up the decimal points when multiplying.

THE DECIMAL PLACEMENT RULE

Count decimal places in Factor 1 + Count decimal places in Factor 2

= Decimal places in the Product (Answer)

Example 1: Decimal x Whole Number

Find: 2.4 x 3

Step 1: Multiply like whole numbers

24
x 3
72

Step 2: Count & place decimal

2.4 = 1 decimal place
3 = 0 decimal places

Total: 1 + 0 = 1 decimal place

Answer: 7.2

Example 2: Decimal x Decimal

Find: 1.5 x 2.3

Step 1: Multiply like whole numbers

15
x 23
45
300
345

Step 2: Count & place decimal

1.5 = 1 decimal place
2.3 = 1 decimal place

Total: 1 + 1 = 2 decimal places

Answer: 3.45

!

Check with estimation: 1.5 is about 2 and 2.3 is about 2. So 2 x 2 = 4. Our answer of 3.45 is close to 4. It makes sense!

Example 3: When Both Numbers Have Decimals in Different Places

Find: 0.6 x 0.4

6 x 4 = 24

0.6 = 1 decimal place
0.4 = 1 decimal place

Total: 1 + 1 = 2 decimal places

24 with 2 decimal places = 0.24

Answer: 0.24

!

Notice: When you multiply two numbers less than 1 (like 0.6 x 0.4), the answer is SMALLER than both numbers!

TRAP ALERT: Don't Line Up Decimals When Multiplying!

WRONG: Some students line up decimal points like they do for addition. This is only for adding/subtracting!

RIGHT: For multiplication, line up numbers on the RIGHT side. Ignore decimals until the end, then count decimal places to place it in your answer.

Your Turn: Practice Multiplying Decimals

1. Find: 3.5 x 4

Decimal places: 3.5 has ____ + 4 has ____ = ____ total

Answer:

2. Find: 2.5 x 1.2

Decimal places: 2.5 has ____ + 1.2 has ____ = ____ total

Answer:

3. Find: 0.7 x 0.9

Decimal places: 0.7 has ____ + 0.9 has ____ = ____ total

Answer:

4. A bottle of juice costs $2.35. How much do 4 bottles cost?

Answer: $

Remember!