Text Structure - Parent Activity Guide

Help your child recognize how authors organize information

What is Text Structure?

Text structure is the way an author organizes information in a text. Understanding text structure helps readers identify main ideas, see how information connects, and remember what they read more effectively. Sixth graders need to recognize five main structures: compare/contrast, cause/effect, problem/solution, chronological/sequence, and description.

On Florida's FAST assessment, students must identify text structures and analyze how the chosen structure impacts meaning.

The Five Text Structures

Compare/Contrast: Shows how things are alike and different
Cause/Effect: Explains why something happens and its results
Problem/Solution: Presents a problem and ways to solve it
Chronological/Sequence: Presents events or steps in time order
Description: Provides details and characteristics about a topic

Activities to Try at Home

📰 News Article Analysis

Read news articles together and identify their text structure:

Ask: "How did the author organize this? Why do you think they chose that structure?"

📺 Commercial Detective

Watch TV commercials together and identify the structure:

This shows how text structure appears everywhere, not just in school readings!

🔍 Signal Word Hunt

While reading any text (books, articles, instructions), look for signal words:

🍳 Recipe Structure

Recipes are perfect examples of chronological/sequence structure:

Signal Words Reference Chart

Structure Signal Words to Look For
Compare/Contrast however, similarly, on the other hand, both, unlike, whereas, in contrast, also, too
Cause/Effect because, therefore, as a result, consequently, since, due to, leads to, so, thus
Problem/Solution the problem is, one solution, solved by, resolved, the answer is, one approach
Chronological first, next, then, finally, before, after, during, meanwhile, subsequently, later
Description for example, such as, including, consists of, features, is characterized by

Questions to Ask While Reading

Parent Tip: Structure = Purpose

Help your child understand that authors choose structures purposefully:

Want to explain why something happened? Use cause/effect
Want to show how two things are alike/different? Use compare/contrast
Want to explain how to do something? Use sequence
Want to address an issue? Use problem/solution

Understanding this connection helps students not only identify structures but also predict what kind of information they'll find in a text.

Real-World Text Structure Examples

Everyday Examples

  • Recipes: Sequence
  • Weather reports: Cause/Effect
  • Product comparisons: Compare/Contrast
  • Advice columns: Problem/Solution
  • Travel guides: Description

Questions That Match Structure

  • "Why did...?" = Cause/Effect
  • "How are X and Y different?" = Compare/Contrast
  • "What happened next?" = Sequence
  • "How can we fix...?" = Problem/Solution
  • "What is it like?" = Description

Informacion para Padres (Spanish Summary)

Que es la estructura del texto? La estructura del texto es la forma en que un autor organiza la informacion. Comprender la estructura ayuda a los lectores a encontrar ideas principales y recordar lo que leen.

Las cinco estructuras principales:

Actividades en casa:

Consejo: Las palabras clave como "porque," "sin embargo," "primero," y "el problema es" ayudan a identificar la estructura del texto.